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Adult patients with either active or latent TB infection were included. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that analyzed the effect of DHT interventions on medication adherence outcomes (treatment completion, treatment adherence, missed doses, and noncompleted rate) and treatment outcomes (cure rate and smear conversion) were included. Methods: A literature search in PubMed and Cochrane databases was conducted. Objective: This paper systematically reviews the effect of DHT in improving medication adherence and treatment outcomes in patients with TB. Digital health technology (DHT) seems to be a promising approach to managing problems of nonadherence to medication and improving treatment outcomes. 21, Jatinangorīackground: Nonadherence to medication in tuberculosis (TB) hampers optimal treatment outcomes. JMIR Bioinformatics and Biotechnology 23 articlesġDepartment of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, IndonesiaĢDoctor Program in Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, IndonesiaģCenter of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, IndonesiaĤDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsĥMedication Adherence Expertise Center of the Northern Netherlands, Groningen, NetherlandsĦDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyħVingroup Big Data Institute, Hanoi, VietnamĨFaculty of Medicine and Health, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaĩSydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, Sydney, Australiaġ1Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlandsĭepartment of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy.JMIR Biomedical Engineering 61 articles.JMIR Perioperative Medicine 69 articles.Journal of Participatory Medicine 71 articles.JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies 177 articles.JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting 230 articles.Interactive Journal of Medical Research 259 articles.JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 964 articles.Journal of Medical Internet Research 6898 articles.